Introduction
3-Bromoaniline, also known as m-Bromo aniline, is an essential organic compound widely utilized in various fields of chemistry and industry. This blog post will explore the chemical properties, synthesis methods, applications, and safety considerations of 3-bromoaniline, highlighting its significance in both research and commercial applications.
Chemical Properties
Chemical Name: 3-Bromoaniline
CAS Number: 591-19-5
Kemystery ID: C2166B396
Molecular Formula: C6H6BrN
Molecular Weight: 172.02 g/mol
Appearance: Off-white to light brown crystalline solid
Melting Point: 31-33°C
Boiling Point: 236-238°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform
It consists of an azene ring substituted with a bromine atom at the meta position and an amino group at the para position. This arrangement endows 3-Bromoaniline with unique chemical reactivity, making it valuable in various chemical transformations.
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Synthesis
The synthesis of 3-It typically involves aniline bromination, followed by purification steps to isolate the desired product. Here is a standard synthetic route:
Nitration and Reduction:
Aniline is first nitrat to produce 3-nitroaniline. This involves treating aniline with a concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid mixture. The resulting 3-nitroaniline is then reduced using a suitable reducing agent, such as iron powder and hydrochloric acid, to yield 3-bromoaniline.
Direct Bromination:
An alternative method involves the direct bromination of aniline using bromine or a brominating agent like N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). The reaction is carefully controlled to obtain 3-bromoaniline as the primary product.
Applications
It is a versatile compound with numerous organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and materials science applications. Some of its primary uses include:
Intermediate in Organic Synthesis:
It is a key intermediate in synthesizing various organic compounds, including dyes, pigments, and agrochemicals. Its bromine and amino functional groups allow for further chemical modifications.
Pharmaceuticals:
It is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a building block for synthesizing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Several drugs, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, are synthesized using 3-bromoaniline as a precursor.
Material Science:
It is employed in the preparation of speciality polymers and materials. Its reactivity enables the introduction of functional groups necessary for desired material properties.
Research Reagent:
In academic and industrial research, 3-bromoaniline is used as a reagent to study reaction mechanisms, develop new synthetic methodologies, and explore chemical reactivity.
Safety and Handling
While It is a valuable chemical, it is essential to handle it with care due to its potential hazards:
- Toxicity: 3-Bromoaniline is harmful if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system.
- Carcinogenicity: Prolonged exposure may have carcinogenic effects. It is advisable to handle this compound with appropriate precautions.
- Protective Measures: When working with 3-bromoaniline, wear personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats. Conduct experiments in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to minimize exposure to vapours and dust.
- Storage: Store 3-Bromoaniline in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture. Ensure that containers are tightly closed to prevent contamination and degradation.
Conclusion
Adhere to stringent safety protocols to mitigate its hazardous effects. Whether used in pharmaceutical synthesis, material science, or research, reagent 3-bromoanilinene continues to be a compound of significant interest and utility.
References
For further reading and detailed studies on 3-Bromoaniline, consult the following resources:
- “Advance Organic Chemistry” by Jerry March – A comprehensive guide to organic synthesis and reaction mechanisms.
- “Organic Synthesis” by Michael B. Smith and Jerry March – Detail methodologies and protocols for organic synthesis.
- PubChem Database – A reliable source for chemical information and properties.
- Chemical Safety Data Sheets (SDS) – Manufacturer-provide safety information for handling and storing 3-Bromoaniline.